AP Calculus AB and BC glossary

Solid of revolution

A solid of revolution is the three-dimensional shape swept out when a plane region is rotated about a line. Its volume is computed by integrating cross-sectional areas, using the disk method, the washer method, or the shell method.

The choice of method is really a choice of slice direction. Disks and washers slice perpendicular to the axis of rotation, so they integrate with respect to the axis variable; shells slice parallel to it.

Use a washer rather than a disk whenever the region does not touch the axis of rotation, because the gap becomes a hole through the solid.

Radii are distances

Rotating about a line other than an axis changes every radius. The radius is always the distance from the slice to the axis, so it becomes an expression like 4f(x)4 - f(x) rather than f(x)f(x).

Appears in: Unit 8: Applications of Integration